High blood pressure. High blood pressure, as the significant risk factor accelerating the progress of CKD, can give rise to renal ischemia. Blood flow can not reach every part of kidneys, leading to the insufficiency of nutrient substance in some tissues. As a result, renal function is impaired, so preventing high blood pressure by taking some hypotensor is very necessary.
Hyperlipaemia. Experiments demonstrate that hyperlipaemia can cause infiltration of glomerular macrophage and finally result in glomerulosclerosis. Lipid nephrotoxicity will reduce renal units which will increase renal burden and thus to cause renal damage. Thereby, patients should avoid ingesting too much calories in their daily life, so as to reduce the incidence of hyperlipaemia.
Diabetes. High blood glucose can make kidney large and thicken basilar membrane. Moreover, it can also make albumin permeate endothelial cells easier and increase the biosynthesis of mesangial protein. All these actions will bring damages to our kidneys. Consequently, avoiding the appearance of Diabetes is also necessary for patients with CKD to get a better control about their disease.
Obesity. According to data, obesity has been shows as the independent risk factor of CKD. Therefore, patients should keep a reasonable body weight by doing some moderate exercises.
Anemia. When glomerular filtration rate decreases to 50ml/min/1.73m2, anemia will appear, so we can say, anemia is one of the manifestations of CKD. However, anemia, in turn, will damage kidneys further. Hence, patients with CKD should receive treatment as soon as possible, so as to avoid the occurrence of anemia.
